Addent, Inc. - Advancing Dental Excellence

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Multiple Benefits of Warming

There are a variety of benefits and protocols for warming in dentistry. From composites to anesthetics – dentists need a flexible way to warm while they work.

The Calset system includes a warmer with a variety of trays available. The trays can be interchanged to adapt to your protocols.

The Benefits of Warming Composites
• Shortens curing time by over 80%
• Improves composite flow by 68%
• Reduces Microleakage
• Improves physical properties
• Decreases shrinkage stress

 

Calset Warmer Features Adjustable, Consistent Heating
• Warms Finishing Instruments
• Maintains constant temperature
• Heats composite material to 98°F (37°C), 130°F (54°C) or 155°F (68°C)

 

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SHOP CALSET WARMER & TRAY COMBOS

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SHOP CALSET ACCESSORY TRAYS

CALSET WARMER VIDEO LIBRARY

What is Thermally Assisted Polymerization? Why should I warm my composite?

Calset Composite Warmer Product Presentation

Demo: Calset Warmer

“I have been a Calset user for the last 7 years and it has never let me down! These are built to last! The New Calset Multi-Tray does everything and is my favorite version of the Calset tray configurations. It warms my loaded composite PLT, and heats additional PLTs perfectly. It also works excellently to heat composite syringes, instruments, and even anesthetic cartridge.”

– Matt Nejad, DDS – Instructor at Biomimetic Dentistry CE

“I’ve been using the Calset warmer for several years and it has become an indispensable part of my practice. Not only does it make today’s heavily filled composites easier to express, but heating enhances the physical properties of the resins, making for a stronger and more durable restoration.”

– Douglas L. Lambert, DDS, FACD, FASD, FASDA, FICD, ABAD

BENEFITS OF WARMING COMPOSITES WITH REFERENCES

Increased Flowability & Reduced Film Thickness

Heating composite increases flowability and reduces thickness.

REFERENCES

  1. Composite Film Thickness – Frederick Rueggeberg
  2. Composite Film Thickness at Various Temperatures – R.G. Holmes
  3. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Flowability – James Broome
  4. Viscosity and thermal kinetics of 10 preheated restorative resin composites and effect of ultrasound energy on film thickness – Rogério L Marcondes, Verônica P Lima, Fabíola J Barbon, Cristina P Isolan, Marco A Carvalho, Marcos V Salvador, Adriano F Lima, Rafael R Moraes 
  5. Effect of preheating on the film thickness
    of contemporary composite restorative
    materials – Dimitrios Dionysopoulos*, Kosmas Tolidis, Paris Gerasimou,
    Eugenia Koliniotou-Koumpia

Viscosity Comparable to Flowables with Less Stickiness

Heated composite showed viscosity comparable to flowables while demonstrating less stickiness.

REFERENCES

  1. Viscosity & Stickiness of Dental Resin Composites at Elevated Temperatures – N. Loumprinis, E. Maier, R. Belli, A. Petschelt, G. Eliades and U. Lohbauer
  2. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
  3. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman
  4. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury
  5. Pre-heating effects on extrusion force, stickiness and packability of resin-based composite. – J. Yang, N. Silikas, DC Watts
  6. Viscosity and stickiness of dental resin composites at elevated temperatures, – Nikolaos Loumprinis, Eva Maier, Renan Belli, Anselm Petschelt, George Eliades, Ulrich Lohbauer

Increases Microhardness

Heating composite increases micro-harness and flowability, resulting in easier placement and greater monomer conversion.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness & Viscosity – Ayub Santos
  2. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness and Viscosity of 4 Resin Composites – Karen V. Ayub, DDS, MSc; Gildo C. Santos, Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD; Amin S. Rizkalla, BSc, MEng, PhD; Richard Bohay, DMD, MSc; Luis Fernando Pegoraro, DDS, MSc, PhD; José H. Rubo, DDS, MSc, PhD; M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD
  3. The Effect of Temperature on Hardness of a Light-curing Composite – I. Krejci
  4. Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness – Torres Caneppele
  5. Prewarming effect on adaptation, porosities, and strength of a composite resin.  K.H. Bolding, A.E. Hill, D. Tantbirojn, A. Versluis

Improves Adaptation & Reduces Voids

Heated composite enhanced the handling characteristics improved adaptation and reduce voids.

REFERENCES

1. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites  – Gülbike Demirel, Ayşe Işıl Orhan, Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur, Burak Bilecenoğlu, Kaan Orhan 

2. Prewarming effect on adaptation, porosities, and strength of a composite resin.  K.H. Bolding, A.E. Hill, D. Tantbirojn, A. Versluis


Reduced Gap Formation

Heated composite increased adaptation and reduced gap formation.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures – Nilabh Choudhary, Sharad Kamat, TM Mangala, and Mohan Thomas
  2. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites. Gülbike Demirel , Ayşe Işıl Orhan , Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur , Burak Bilecenoğlu , Kaan Orhan
  3. Influence of preheating of composites on voids, internal adaptation and post-gel shrinkage strain using Nano CT analysis – Dr. Rajaram, Dr. Deepak Mehta, Dr. N Meena


Significantly Less Microleakage

Heated composite has significantly less micro-leakage compared to the flowable liner. Reducing the risk of secondary caries.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of Pre-Heating Composite on Microleakage in Class II Restorations – J.B. Linger
  2. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Restoration Microleakage – WC Wagner, MN Asku, AL Neme, JB Linger, FE Pink, S Walker
  3. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations -Yasmin .A. Elkady, Ali .I Abdalla, and Mostafa. M. Hasan
  4. Effect of pre-heating resin composite on restoration microleakage –  Warren C Wagner, Mert N Aksu, Ann-Marie L Neme, Jackson B Linger, Frank E Pink, Stephen Walker
  5. Influence of preheating of composites on voids, internal adaptation and post-gel shrinkage strain using Nano CT analysis – Dr. Rajaram, Dr. Deepak Mehta, Dr. N Meena


Increased Monomer Conversion & Shorter Cure Times

Monomer conversion is significantly increased with shorter cures times, when composite is heated.

REFERENCES

  1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio
  2. Curing Efficiency of a Direct Composite at Different Temperatures – L. Littlejohn
  3. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite – M. Daronch
  4. Pre-heated Resin Composite. Temperature Effects on Monomer Conversion and Kinetics – M. Daronch
  5. Pre-Heating Composite: Temperature Effect on Monomer Conversion and Contraction Stress (Poster) – M. Daronch
  6. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites: Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas.
  7. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga


Deeper Cures

Heated composite increased the monomer conversion rate, depth of cure and surface hardness with shorter cure times.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites – AJD Munoz
  2. The Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Polymerization of Composite Resin – Wedad Y. Awiliya, BDS.MSC
  3. Improving the Polymerization of Composite Resins – Mitch Conditt, Karl Leinfelde
  4. Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-Heated Composite – M. Daronch, F. A. Rueggeberg, M. F. De Goes, R. Giudici
  5. Temperature Influence on the Depth of Cure of a Composite – P. Burtscher
  6. Thermal Effects on Composite Photopolymerization Monitored by Real-time NIR – M. Trujillo
  7. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman


Shrinkage/Shrinkage Stress

Heated composite allows for reduced curing time and lower polymerization stress while maintaining or increasing degree of conversion.

REFERENCES

  1. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
  2. Polymerization Shrinkage of Composite Resins – A Langalia, A Buch, M Khamar, P Patel
  3. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites:Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas.

Color & Stability

Heating will not change the color of composite materials andvenhances its stability. Heating the composite resin is effective in the reduction of color change after long time immersion in coffee solution.

REFERENCES

  1. Color stability, opacity and degree of conversion of pre-heated composites – Fabrício Mariano Mundim, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Diogo Rodrigues Cruvinel, Fabrício Augusto Lima, Luciano Bachmann, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
  2. The effect of preheating of composite resin on its color stability after immersion in tea and coffee solutions: An in-vitro study – Farideh Darabi, Ali Seyed-Monir, Sanaz Mihandoust, Dina Maleki

Pulp Temperature

There is no significant increase of pupal temperature when using heated composite.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of Pre-heated Composite on In-Vitro Intrapulpal Temperature Rise – M. Daronch
  2. Influence of Initiator System and Temperature on Real Time Double Bond Conversion – K. Vogel
  3. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury

Cementation of Crowns & Veneers

The use of heated composite as a luting cement for inlays and onlays can be reccomended, it showed less linear shrinkage and polymerization force. Concerns about seating due to vicosity are not justified.

REFERENCES

  1. Cementing Porcelain Restorations With a Warmed Composite Resin Containing a Rheological Modifier – T A Hess
  2. Luting of Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays with Preheated Restorative Composite Resin Does Not Prevent Seating Accuracy – P. Magne, M. Razaghy, M. A. Carvalho and L. M. Soares
  3. Porcelain Laminate Veneer Insertion Using a Heated Composite Technique – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
  4. Influence of Pre-Heating Regular Resin Composites and Flowable Composites on Luting Ceramic Veneers with Different Thicknesses –  Lucas de Oliveira Tomaselli, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de Oliveira, Jamille Favarão, Ariel Farias da Silva, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza, Saulo Geraldeli, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
  5. Influence of pre-heating and ceramic thickness on physical properties of luting agents. –  Michele O Lima, Anderson Catelan, Giselle M Marchi, Débora Anl Lima, Luís Rm Martins, Flávio Hb Aguiar

Bonding and Adhesion

Heated composite demonstrated higher flexural strength and adhesion to dentin.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
  2. Effect of pre-cure temperature on the bonding potential – Amerigo Cantoro, Cecilia Goracci, Federica Papacchini, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Marco Ferrari
  3. Flexural Strength of Preheated Resin Composites and Bonding Properties to Glass-Ceramic and Dentin – Matthias Richard Kramer, Daniel Edelhoff and Bogna Stawarczyk
  4. Thermal and bioactive optimization of a unidose 3-step etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive – Pascal Magne, DMD, PhD and Adriana Lemos Mori Ubaldini, DDS, MS
  5. Effect of Pre-heating on Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Dentin –  A. Davari, A. Daneshkazemi, B. Behniafar, M, Sheshmani

Repeated Heating

Reheating or extended heating of composite does not effect monomer conversion values.

REFERENCES

  1. Effect of Repeated and Extended Heating on Conversion of Composites – M. Daronch
  2. Effect of Specimen Temperature on the Polymerization of a Resin-composite – Richard B. Price, J.M. Whalenb, Thomas B. Price  Christopher M. Felix, John Faheye

Doesn't Alter Physical Properties

Heating composite did NOT alter the mechanical properties but provided enhanced adaptations to the preparation wall.

REFERENCES

  1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
  2. Effect of multiple preheating cycles on hardness of composite materials – A. Pokorny
  3. Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites – Kareem Nada, Omar El-Mowafy
  4. Effect of Preheating and Fatiguing on Mech Prop of Comp Resin – AA Abdulmajeed
  5. Effect of Preheating and Precooling on the Flexural Strength and Modulus – F Sharafeddin
  6. Effect of Pre-Heating on Some Physical Properties of Composite Resin – Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
  7. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscoelastic Properties of Dental Composite Under Different Deformation Conditions – Kyung Hyun Ahn, Sanghyuk Lim, Kee Yeon Kum and Seok Woo Chang
  8. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
  9. Pre-heating mitigates composite degradation – Jessika Calixto da SILVA, Rogério Vieira REGES, Inara Carneiro Costa REGE, Carlos Alberto dos Santos CRUZ, Luís Geraldo VAZ, Carlos ESTRELA, Fabrício Luscino Alves de CASTRO

Lower Water Sorption/Solubility Values

Higher temperatures and shorter cure times of heated composite led to lower sorption and solubility values.

REFERENCES

  1. Temperature and Curing Time Affect Composite Sorption and Solubility – Fabricio Luscino Alves de Castro, Bruno Barbosa Campos, Kely Firmino Bruno, Rogerio Vieira Reges

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