Research References

Calset Research References

Degree of Conversion 

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio
2. Curing Efficiency of a Direct Composite at Different Temperatures – L. Littlejohn
3. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite – M. Daronch
4. Pre-heated Resin Composite. Temperature Effects on Monomer Conversion and Kinetics – M. Daronch
5. Pre-Heating Composite: Temperature Effect on Monomer Conversion and Contraction Stress (Poster) – M. Daronch
6. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites: Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
7. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
8. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials—a systematic review – Larissa Coelho Pires Lopes, Raquel Sano Suga Terada, Fernanada Midori Tsuzuki, Marcelo Giannini, Ronaldo Hirata 

Monomer Conversion

1. Influence of preheating of composites on voids, internal adaptation and post-gel shrinkage strain using Nano CT analysis – Dr. Rajaram, Dr. Deepak Mehta, Dr. N. Meena

Shrinkage/Shrinkage Stress

1. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
2. Polymerization Shrinkage of Composite Resins – A. Langalia, A. Buch, M. Khamar, P. Patel
3. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites:Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
4. Effect of pre-heating methods and devices on the mechanical properties, post-gel shrinkage, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill materials – Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Laís Rani Sales Oliveira, Stella Sueli Lourenço Braga, Helena Letícia Quirino de Oliveira, Richard Bengt Price, Carlos Jose Soares

Voids

1. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites – Gülbike Demirel, Ayşe Işıl Orhan, Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur, Burak Bilecenoğlu, Kaan Orhan 

2. Prewarming effect on adaptation, porosities, and strength of a composite resin. – K.H. Bolding, A.E. Hill, D. Tantbirojn, A. Versluis

Gap Formation

1. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures – Nilabh Choudhary, Sharad Kamat, TM Mangala, and Mohan Thomas
2. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites – Gülbike Demirel, Ayşe Işıl Orhan, Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur, Burak Bilecenoğlu, Kaan Orhan
3. Influence of preheating of composites on voids, internal adaptation and post-gel shrinkage strain using Nano CT analysis – Dr. Rajaram, Dr. Deepak Mehta, Dr. N Meena

Micro-Leakage

1. Effect of Pre-Heating Composite on Microleakage in Class II Restorations – J.B. Linger
2. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Restoration Microleakage – WC Wagner, MN Asku, AL Neme, JB Linger, FE Pink, S Walker
3. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin .A. Elkady, Ali .I Abdalla, and Mostafa. M. Hasan
4. Effect of pre-heating resin composite on restoration microleakage – Warren C Wagner, Mert N Aksu, Ann-Marie L Neme, Jackson B Linger, Frank E Pink, Stephen Walker
5. Influence of preheating of composites on voids, internal adaptation and post-gel shrinkage strain using Nano CT analysis – Dr. Rajaram, Dr. Deepak Mehta, Dr. N Meena
6. Evaluation of Pre-heating Effects on Marginal Adaptation of Resin-based Materials – Ionut Taraboanta, Simona Stoleriu, Gianina Iovan, Antonia Moldovanu, Andrei Georgescu, Magdalena Rusu Negraia, Sorin Andrian

Color Stability

1. Color stability, opacity and degree of conversion of pre-heated composites – Fabrício Mariano Mundim, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Diogo Rodrigues Cruvinel, Fabrício Augusto Lima, Luciano Bachmann, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
2. The effect of preheating of composite resin on its color stability after immersion in tea and coffee solutions: An in-vitro study – Farideh Darabi, Ali Seyed-Monir, Sanaz Mihandoust, Dina Maleki

Depth of Cure and Polymerization Properties

1. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites – AJD Munoz
2. The Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Polymerization of Composite Resin – Wedad Y. Awiliya, BDS.MSC
3. Improving the Polymerization of Composite Resins – Mitch Conditt, Karl Leinfelde
4. Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-Heated Composite – M. Daronch, F. A. Rueggeberg, M. F. De Goes, R. Giudici
5. Temperature Influence on the Depth of Cure of a Composite – P. Burtscher
6. Thermal Effects on Composite Photopolymerization Monitored by Real-time NIR – M. Trujillo
7. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman

Temperature of Pulp

1. Effect of Pre-heated Composite on In-Vitro Intrapulpal Temperature Rise – M. Daronch
2. Influence of Initiator System and Temperature on Real Time Double Bond Conversion – K. Vogel
3. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury

Cementation of Crowns and Veneers

1. Cementing Porcelain Restorations With a Warmed Composite Resin Containing a Rheological Modifier – T A Hess
2. Luting of Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays with Preheated Restorative Composite Resin Does Not Prevent Seating Accuracy – P. Magne, M. Razaghy, M. A. Carvalho and L. M. Soares
3. Porcelain Laminate Veneer Insertion Using a Heated Composite Technique – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
4. Influence of Pre-Heating Regular Resin Composites and Flowable Composites on Luting Ceramic Veneers with Different Thicknesses –  Lucas de Oliveira Tomaselli, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de Oliveira, Jamille Favarão, Ariel Farias da Silva, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza, Saulo Geraldeli, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
5. Influence of pre-heating and ceramic thickness on physical properties of luting agents. –  Michele O Lima, Anderson Catelan, Giselle M Marchi, Débora Anl Lima, Luís Rm Martins, Flávio Hb Aguiar

Film Thickness/Flow

1. Composite Film Thickness – Frederick Rueggeberg
2. Composite Film Thickness at Various Temperatures – R.G. Holmes
3. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Flowability – James Broome
4. Viscosity and thermal kinetics of 10 preheated restorative resin composites and effect of ultrasound energy on film thickness – Rogério L Marcondes, Verônica P Lima, Fabíola J Barbon, Cristina P Isolan, Marco A Carvalho, Marcos V Salvador, Adriano F Lima, Rafael R Moraes 
5. Effect of preheating on the film thickness of contemporary composite restorative materials – Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, Kosmas Tolidis, Paris Gerasimou, Eugenia Koliniotou-Koumpia

Marginal Integrity – Adaptation

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
2. The effect of composite resin preheating on marginal adaptation of class II restorations – Farideh Darabi, Reza Tayefeh-Davalloo, Seyedeh-Maryam Tavangar, Fereshteh Naser-Alavi, Mozhdeh Boorboo-Shirazi
3. Effects of Preheating and Sonic Delivery Techniques on the Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill Resin Composites – G Demirel, AI Orhan, O Irmak, F Aydın, A Büyüksungur, B Bilecenoğlu,  K Orhan
4. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin A. Elkady, Ali I. Abdalla, and Mostafa M. Hasan
5. Evaluation of Pre-heating Effects on Marginal Adaptation of Resin-based Materials –
   – Ionut Taraboanta, Simona Stoleriu, Gianina Iovan, Antonia Moldovanu, Andrei Georgescu, Magdalena Rusu Negraia, Sorin Andrian

Pre-Heating Cycles

1. Effect of Repeated and Extended Heating on Conversion of Composites – M. Daronch
2. Effect of Specimen Temperature on the Polymerization of a Resin-composite – Richard B. Price, J.M. Whalenb, Thomas B. Price  Christopher M. Felix, John Faheye

Micro-Hardness

1. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness & Viscosity – Ayub Santos
2. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness and Viscosity of 4 Resin Composites – Karen V. Ayub, DDS, MSc; Gildo C. Santos, Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD; Amin S. Rizkalla, BSc, MEng, PhD; Richard Bohay, DMD, MSc; Luis Fernando Pegoraro, DDS, MSc, PhD; José H. Rubo, DDS, MSc, PhD; M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD
3. The Effect of Temperature on Hardness of a Light-curing Composite – I. Krejci
4. Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness – Torres Caneppele
5. Prewarming effect on adaptation, porosities, and strength of a composite resin –  K.H. Bolding, A.E. Hill, D. Tantbirojn, A. Versluis
6. Effect of Preheating on Micro-hardness of different Composite – Thyab, Samer, A., Al-Maroof, Ahmed, S., Ali, Ahmed, H.

Physical Properties

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
2. Effect of multiple preheating cycles on hardness of composite materials – A. Pokorny
3. Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites – Kareem Nada, Omar El-Mowafy
4. Effect of Preheating and Fatiguing on Mech Prop of Comp Resin – AA Abdulmajeed
5. Effect of Preheating and Precooling on the Flexural Strength and Modulus – F Sharafeddin
6. Effect of Pre-Heating on Some Physical Properties of Composite Resin – Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
7. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscoelastic Properties of Dental Composite Under Different Deformation Conditions – Kyung Hyun Ahn, Sanghyuk Lim, Kee Yeon Kum and Seok Woo Chang
8. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
9. Pre-heating mitigates composite degradation – Jessika Calixto da SILVA, Rogério Vieira REGES, Inara Carneiro Costa REGE, Carlos Alberto dos Santos CRUZ, Luís Geraldo VAZ, Carlos ESTRELA, Fabrício Luscino Alves de CASTRO
10. Effect of pre-heating methods and devices on the mechanical properties, post-gel shrinkage, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill materials – Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Laís Rani Sales Oliveira, Stella Sueli Lourenço Braga, Helena Letícia Quirino de Oliveira, Richard Bengt Price, Carlos Jose Soares
11. Preheated composite: Innovative approach for aesthetic restoration – Reema N Asani, Vandana J Gade, Kalyani G Umale, Rachana Gawande, Rohit R Amburle, Raksha R Kusumbe, Purva P Kale, Priya R Kosare
12. Effects of pre-polymerization temperature on the mechanical properties and viscosity of light-cure flowable composite resins for core build-up – Nakato Takagi, Yumika Ida, Tomoki Iuchi, Masaomi Ikeda, Kenichi Hamada, Kittisak Sanon, Celso Afonso Klein-Junior, Takashi Hatayama, Yasushi Shimada, Keiichi Hosaka

Water Sorption/Solubility

1. Temperature and Curing Time Affect Composite Sorption and Solubility – Fabricio Luscino Alves de Castro, Bruno Barbosa Campos, Kely Firmino Bruno, Rogerio Vieira Reges

Magazine Articles General Discussion

1. Warming Up to Composites – George Freedman
2. Preheating composite resins using composite warmers – Preshtha Mangla, BDS, DDS; Nathaniel Lawson, DMD, PhD
3. Recipe for Success – Douglas L. Lambert, DDS
4. Clinical Benefits of Pre-Warmed Composites – George Freedman
5. Dental Economics, Pearls for your Practice – Joshua Austin, DDS, FAGD
6. Clinical Applications of Preheated Hybrid Resin Composite – L. J. Rickman, P. Padipatvuthikul and B. Chee
7. Creating Super Dentin: Using Flowable Composites as Luting Agents to Help Prevent Secondary Caries – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
8. Clinically Relevant Issues Related to Preheating Composites – Maria Daronch, Frederick Rueggeberg, Linda Moss, Mario Fernando de Goes
9. Curing Composite Resin at Elevated Temperatures – Douglas A. Terry, DDS
10. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
11. Heated Composite in Everyday Practice – T. Schmedding 
12. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials  – a systematic review – L. Lopes, R. Terada, F. Tsuzuki, M. Giannini and R. Hirata
13. A New Technique for Placement of Posterior Composite – Richard Trushkowsky
14. Prepare the pre-heated composite resin – Jong Hyun Park

Viscosity and Stickiness

1. Viscosity & Stickiness of Dental Resin Composites at Elevated Temperatures – N. Loumprinis, E. Maier, R. Belli, A. Petschelt, G. Eliades and U. Lohbauer
2. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
3. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman
4. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury
5. Pre-heating effects on extrusion force, stickiness and packability of resin-based composite. – J. Yang, N. Silikas, DC Watts
6. Viscosity and stickiness of dental resin composites at elevated temperatures, – Nikolaos Loumprinis, Eva Maier, Renan Belli, Anselm Petschelt, George Eliades, Ulrich Lohbauer

Bonding and Adhesion

1. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
2. Effect of pre-cure temperature on the bonding potential – Amerigo Cantoro, Cecilia Goracci, Federica Papacchini, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Marco Ferrari
3. Flexural Strength of Preheated Resin Composites and Bonding Properties to Glass-Ceramic and Dentin – Matthias Richard Kramer, Daniel Edelhoff and Bogna Stawarczyk
4. Thermal and bioactive optimization of a unidose 3-step etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive – Pascal Magne, DMD, PhD and Adriana Lemos Mori Ubaldini, DDS, MS
5. Effect of Pre-heating on Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Dentin –  A. Davari, A. Daneshkazemi, B. Behniafar, M, Sheshmani

Toxicity

1. Toxicology of Pre-Heated Composite Polymerized Directly and Through CAD/CAM Overlay – Alena Knezevic, Davor Zeljezic, Nevenka Kopjar, Sillas Duarte Jr, Matej Par, Zrinka Tarle
2. The effect of post-cure heating on residual, unreacted monomer in a commercial resin composite – Y.H. Bagisa , F.A. Rueggeberg

Existing Resources

1. Cementing Porcelain Restorations With a Warmed Composite Resin Containing a Rheological Modifier – T A Hess
2. Clinical Applications of Preheated Hybrid Resin Composite – L. J. Rickman, P. Padipatvuthikul and B. Chee
3. Clinical Benefits of Pre-Warmed Composites – George Freedman
4. Clinically Relevant Issues Related to Preheating Composites – Maria Daronch, Frederick Rueggeberg, Linda Moss, Mario Fernando de Goes
5. Composite Film Thickness – Frederick Rueggeberg
6. Composite Film Thickness at Various Temperatures – R.G. Holmes
7. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
8. Creating Super Dentin: Using Flowable Composites as Luting Agents to Help Prevent Secondary Caries – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
9. Curing Composite Resin at Elevated Temperatures – Douglas A. Terry, DDS
10. Curing Efficiency of a Direct Composite at Different Temperatures – L. Littlejohn
11. Decrease in Density (increase in volume) with Increase in Temperature – J. Stansbury
12. Dental Economics, Pearls for your Practice – Joshua Austin, DDS, FAGD
13. The effect of composite resin preheating on marginal adaptation of class II restorations – Farideh Darabi, Reza Tayefeh-Davalloo, Seyedeh-Maryam Tavangar, Fereshteh Naser-Alavi, Mozhdeh Boorboo-Shirazi
14. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
15. Effect of multiple preheating cycles on hardness of composite materials – A. Pokorny
16. Effect of pre-cure temperature on the bonding potential – Amerigo Cantoro, Cecilia Goracci, Federica Papacchini, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Marco Ferrari
17. Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites – Kareem Nada, Omar El-Mowafy
18. Effect of Pre-heated Composite on In-Vitro Intrapulpal Temperature Rise – M. Daronch
19. Effect of Preheating and Fatiguing on Mech Prop of Comp Resin – AA Abdulmajeed
20. Effect of Preheating and Precooling on the Flexural Strength and Modulus – F Sharafeddin
21. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures – Nilabh Choudhary, Sharad Kamat, TM Mangala, and Mohan Thomas
22. Effect of Pre-Heating Composite on Microleakage in Class II Restorations – J.B. Linger
23. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites – AJD Munoz
24. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness & Viscosity – Ayub Santos
25. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness and Viscosity of 4 Resin Composites – Karen V. Ayub, DDS, MSc; Gildo C. Santos, Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD; Amin S. Rizkalla, BSc, MEng, PhD; Richard Bohay, DMD, MSc; Luis Fernando Pegoraro, DDS, MSc, PhD; José H. Rubo, DDS, MSc, PhD; M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD
26. Effect of Pre-Heating on Some Physical Properties of Composite Resin – Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
27. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscoelastic Properties of Dental Composite Under Different Deformation Conditions – Kyung Hyun Ahn, Sanghyuk Lim, Kee Yeon Kum and Seok Woo Chang
28. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
29. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Flowability – James Broome
30. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Restoration Microleakage – WC Wagner, MN Asku, AL Neme, JB Linger, FE Pink, S Walker
31. Effects of Preheating and Sonic Delivery Techniques on the Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill Resin Composites – G Demirel, AI Orhan, O Irmak, F Aydın, A Büyüksungur, B Bilecenoğlu,  K Orhan
32. Effect of Repeated and Extended Heating on Conversion of Composites – M. Daronch
33. Effect of Specimen Temperature on the Polymerization of a Resin-composite – Richard B. Price, J.M. Whalenb, Thomas B. Price  Christopher M. Felix, John Faheye
34. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
35. The Effect of Temperature on Hardness of a Light-curing Composite – I. Krejci
36. Flexural Strength of Preheated Resin Composites and Bonding Properties to Glass-Ceramic and Dentin – Matthias Richard Kramer, Daniel Edelhoff and Bogna Stawarczyk
37. Heated Composite in Everyday Practice – T. Schmedding 
38. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials  – a systematic review – L. Lopes, R. Terada, F. Tsuzuki, M. Giannini and R. Hirata
39. Improving the Polymerization of Composite Resins – Mitch Conditt, Karl Leinfelder
40. Influence of Initiator System and Temperature on Real Time Double Bond Conversion – K. Vogel
41. Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness – Torres Caneppele
42. The Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Polymerization of Composite Resin – Wedad Y. Awiliya, BDS.MSC
43. Luting of Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays with Preheated Restorative Composite Resin Does Not Prevent Seating Accuracy – P. Magne, M. Razaghy, M. A. Carvalho and L. M. Soares
44. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite – M. Daronch
45. A New Technique for Placement of Posterior Composite – Richard Trushkowsky
46. Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-Heated Composite – M. Daronch, F. A. Rueggeberg, M. F. De Goes, R. Giudici
47. Polymerization Shrinkage of Composite Resins – A Langalia, A Buch, M Khamar, P Patel
48. Porcelain Laminate Veneer Insertion Using a Heated Composite Technique – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
49. Pre-Heated Composite: Temperature Effect on Monomer Conversion and Contraction Stress – Marcia Daronch
50. Pre-heating mitigates composite degradation – Jessika Calixto da Silva, Rogério Vieira Reges, Inara Carneiro Costa Rege, Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz, Luís Geraldo Vaz, Carlos Estrela, Fabrício Luscino Alves de Castro
51. Pre-heated Resin Composite. Temperature Effects on Monomer Conversion and Kinetics – M. Daronch
52. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites:Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
53. Prepare the pre-heated composite resin – Jong Hyun Park
54. Recipe for Success – Douglas L. Lambert, DDS
55. Temperature and Curing Time Affect Composite Sorption and Solubility – Fabricio Luscino Alves de Castro, Bruno Barbosa Campos, Kely Firmino Bruno, Rogerio Vieira Reges
56. Temperature Influence on the Depth of Cure of a Composite – P. Burtscher
57. Thermal and Bioactive Optimization – Pascal and Adriana Lemos Mori Ubaldini
58. Thermal Effects on Composite Photopolymerization Monitored by Real-time NIR – M. Trujillo
59. Thermal Effects on Photopolymerization Stress Development – M. Trujillo-Lemon
60. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman
61. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury
62. Viscosity & Stickiness of Dental Resin Composites at Elevated Temperatures – N. Loumprinis, E. Maier, R. Belli, A. Petschelt, G. Eliades and U. Lohbauer
63. Warming Up to Composites – George Freedman
64. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin A. Elkady, Ali I. Abdalla, and Mostafa M. Hasan
65. Preheating composite resins using composite warmers – Preshtha Mangla, BDS, DDS; Nathaniel Lawson, DMD, PhD

COMAX RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. CoMax Composite Dispenser by AdDent – Dental Economics

Compex HD Research References

Degree of Conversion 

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio
2. Curing Efficiency of a Direct Composite at Different Temperatures – L. Littlejohn
3. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite – M. Daronch
4. Pre-heated Resin Composite. Temperature Effects on Monomer Conversion and Kinetics – M. Daronch
5. Pre-Heating Composite: Temperature Effect on Monomer Conversion and Contraction Stress (Poster) – M. Daronch
6. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites: Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
7. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
8. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials—a systematic review – Larissa Coelho Pires Lopes, Raquel Sano Suga Terada, Fernanada Midori Tsuzuki, Marcelo Giannini, Ronaldo Hirata 

Shrinkage/Shrinkage Stress

1. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
2. Polymerization Shrinkage of Composite Resins – A Langalia, A Buch, M Khamar, P Patel
3. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites:Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
4. Effect of pre-heating methods and devices on the mechanical properties, post-gel shrinkage, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill materials – Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Laís Rani Sales Oliveira, Stella Sueli Lourenço Braga, Helena Letícia Quirino de Oliveira, Richard Bengt Price, Carlos Jose Soares

Voids

1. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites  – Gülbike Demirel, Ayşe Işıl Orhan, Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur, Burak Bilecenoğlu, Kaan Orhan 

Gap Formation

1. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures – Nilabh Choudhary, Sharad Kamat, TM Mangala, and Mohan Thomas
2. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effects of pre-heating and sonic delivery on the internal void formation of bulk-fill composites –  Gülbike Demirel , Ayşe Işıl Orhan , Özgür Irmak, Fulya Aydin, Arda Buyuksungur , Burak Bilecenoğlu , Kaan Orhan

Micro-Leakage

1. Effect of Pre-Heating Composite on Microleakage in Class II Restorations – J.B. Linger
2. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Restoration Microleakage – WC Wagner, MN Asku, AL Neme, JB Linger, FE Pink, S Walker
3. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin A. Elkady, Ali I. Abdalla, and Mostafa M. Hasan
4. Effect of pre-heating resin composite on restoration microleakage –  Warren C Wagner, Mert N Aksu, Ann-Marie L Neme, Jackson B Linger, Frank E Pink, Stephen Walker
5. Evaluation of Pre-heating Effects on Marginal Adaptation of Resin-based Materials – Ionut Taraboanta, Simona Stoleriu, Gianina Iovan, Antonia Moldovanu, Andrei Georgescu, Magdalena Rusu Negraia, Sorin Andrian

Color stability

1. Color stability, opacity and degree of conversion of pre-heated composites – Fabrício Mariano Mundim, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Diogo Rodrigues Cruvinel, Fabrício Augusto Lima, Luciano Bachmann, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
2. The effect of preheating of composite resin on its color stability after immersion in tea and coffee solutions: An in-vitro study – Farideh Darabi, Ali Seyed-Monir, Sanaz Mihandoust, Dina Maleki

Depth of Cure and Polymerization Properties

1. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites – AJD Munoz
2. The Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Polymerization of Composite Resin – Wedad Y. Awiliya, BDS.MSC
3. Improving the Polymerization of Composite Resins – Mitch Conditt, Karl Leinfelde
4. Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-Heated Composite – M. Daronch, F. A. Rueggeberg, M. F. De Goes, R. Giudici
5. Temperature Influence on the Depth of Cure of a Composite – P. Burtscher
6. Thermal Effects on Composite Photopolymerization Monitored by Real-time NIR – M. Trujillo
7. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman

Temperature of Pulp

1. Effect of Pre-heated Composite on In-Vitro Intrapulpal Temperature Rise – M. Daronch
2. Influence of Initiator System and Temperature on Real Time Double Bond Conversion – K. Vogel
3. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury

Cementation of Crowns and Veneers

1. Cementing Porcelain Restorations With a Warmed Composite Resin Containing a Rheological Modifier – T A Hess
2. Luting of Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays with Preheated Restorative Composite Resin Does Not Prevent Seating Accuracy – P. Magne, M. Razaghy, M. A. Carvalho and L. M. Soares
3. Porcelain Laminate Veneer Insertion Using a Heated Composite Technique – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
4. Influence of Pre-Heating Regular Resin Composites and Flowable Composites on Luting Ceramic Veneers with Different Thicknesses –  Lucas de Oliveira Tomaselli, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de Oliveira, Jamille Favarão, Ariel Farias da Silva, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza, Saulo Geraldeli, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
5. Influence of pre-heating and ceramic thickness on physical properties of luting agents. –  Michele O Lima, Anderson Catelan, Giselle M Marchi, Débora Anl Lima, Luís Rm Martins, Flávio Hb Aguiar

Film Thickness/Flow

1. Composite Film Thickness – Frederick Rueggeberg
2. Composite Film Thickness at Various Temperatures – R.G. Holmes
3. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Flowability – James Broome
4. Viscosity and thermal kinetics of 10 preheated restorative resin composites and effect of ultrasound energy on film thickness – Rogério L Marcondes, Verônica P Lima, Fabíola J Barbon, Cristina P Isolan, Marco A Carvalho, Marcos V Salvador, Adriano F Lima, Rafael R Moraes 
5. Effect of preheating on the film thickness of contemporary composite restorative materials – Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, Kosmas Tolidis, Paris Gerasimou, Eugenia Koliniotou-Koumpia

Marginal Integrity – Adaptation

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
2. The effect of composite resin preheating on marginal adaptation of class II restorations – Farideh Darabi, Reza Tayefeh-Davalloo, Seyedeh-Maryam Tavangar, Fereshteh Naser-Alavi, Mozhdeh Boorboo-Shirazi
3. Effects of Preheating and Sonic Delivery Techniques on the Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill Resin Composites – G Demirel, AI Orhan, O Irmak, F Aydın, A Büyüksungur, B Bilecenoğlu,  K Orhan
4. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin A. Elkady, Ali I. Abdalla, and Mostafa M. Hasan

Pre-Heating Cycles

1. Effect of Repeated and Extended Heating on Conversion of Composites – M. Daronch
2. Effect of Specimen Temperature on the Polymerization of a Resin-composite – Richard B. Price, J.M. Whalenb, Thomas B. Price  Christopher M. Felix, John Faheye

Micro-Hardness

1. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness & Viscosity – Ayub Santos
2. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness and Viscosity of 4 Resin Composites – Karen V. Ayub, DDS, MSc; Gildo C. Santos, Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD; Amin S. Rizkalla, BSc, MEng, PhD; Richard Bohay, DMD, MSc; Luis Fernando Pegoraro, DDS, MSc, PhD; José H. Rubo, DDS, MSc, PhD; M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD
3. The Effect of Temperature on Hardness of a Light-curing Composite – I. Krejci
4. Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness – Torres Caneppele
5. Effect of Preheating on Micro-hardness of different Composite – Thyab, Samer, A., Al-Maroof, Ahmed, S., Ali, Ahmed, H.

Physical Properties

1. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
2. Effect of multiple preheating cycles on hardness of composite materials – A. Pokorny
3. Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites – Kareem Nada, Omar El-Mowafy
4. Effect of Preheating and Fatiguing on Mech Prop of Comp Resin – AA Abdulmajeed
5. Effect of Preheating and Precooling on the Flexural Strength and Modulus – F Sharafeddin
6. Effect of Pre-Heating on Some Physical Properties of Composite Resin – Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
7. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscoelastic Properties of Dental Composite Under Different Deformation Conditions – Kyung Hyun Ahn, Sanghyuk Lim, Kee Yeon Kum and Seok Woo Chang
8. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
9. Pre-heating mitigates composite degradation – Jessika Calixto da SILVA, Rogério Vieira REGES, Inara Carneiro Costa REGE, Carlos Alberto dos Santos CRUZ, Luís Geraldo VAZ, Carlos ESTRELA, Fabrício Luscino Alves de CASTRO
10. Effect of pre-heating methods and devices on the mechanical properties, post-gel shrinkage, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill materials – Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Gabriel Felipe de Bragança, Laís Rani Sales Oliveira, Stella Sueli Lourenço Braga, Helena Letícia Quirino de Oliveira, Richard Bengt Price, Carlos Jose Soares
11. Preheated composite: Innovative approach for aesthetic restoration – Reema N Asani, Vandana J Gade, Kalyani G Umale, Rachana Gawande, Rohit R Amburle, Raksha R Kusumbe, Purva P Kale, Priya R Kosare
12. Effects of pre-polymerization temperature on the mechanical properties and viscosity of light-cure flowable composite resins for core build-up – Nakato Takagi, Yumika Ida, Tomoki Iuchi, Masaomi Ikeda, Kenichi Hamada, Kittisak Sanon, Celso Afonso Klein-Junior, Takashi Hatayama, Yasushi Shimada, Keiichi Hosaka

Water Sorption/Solubility

1. Temperature and Curing Time Affect Composite Sorption and Solubility – Fabricio Luscino Alves de Castro, Bruno Barbosa Campos, Kely Firmino Bruno, Rogerio Vieira Reges

Magazine Articles General Discussion

1. Warming Up to Composites – George Freedman
2. Preheating composite resins using composite warmers – Preshtha Mangla, BDS, DDS; Nathaniel Lawson, DMD, PhD
3. Recipe for Success – Douglas L. Lambert, DDS
4. Clinical Benefits of Pre-Warmed Composites – George Freedman
5. Dental Economics, Pearls for your Practice – Joshua Austin, DDS, FAGD
6. Clinical Applications of Preheated Hybrid Resin Composite – L. J. Rickman, P. Padipatvuthikul and B. Chee
7. Creating Super Dentin: Using Flowable Composites as Luting Agents to Help Prevent Secondary Caries – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
8. Clinically Relevant Issues Related to Preheating Composites – Maria Daronch, Frederick Rueggeberg, Linda Moss, Mario Fernando de Goes
9. Curing Composite Resin at Elevated Temperatures – Douglas A. Terry, DDS
10. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
11. Heated Composite in Everyday Practice – T. Schmedding 
12. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials  – a systematic review – L. Lopes, R. Terada, F. Tsuzuki, M. Giannini and R. Hirata
13. A New Technique for Placement of Posterior Composite – Richard Trushkowsky
14. Prepare the pre-heated composite resin – Jong Hyun Park

Viscosity and Stickiness

1. Viscosity & Stickiness of Dental Resin Composites at Elevated Temperatures – N. Loumprinis, E. Maier, R. Belli, A. Petschelt, G. Eliades and U. Lohbauer
2. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
3. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman
4. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury
5. Pre-heating effects on extrusion force, stickiness and packability of resin-based composite. – J. Yang, N. Silikas, DC Watts
6. Viscosity and stickiness of dental resin composites at elevated temperatures – Nikolaos Loumprinis, Eva Maier, Renan Belli, Anselm Petschelt, George Eliades, Ulrich Lohbauer

Bonding and Adhesion

1. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
2. Effect of pre-cure temperature on the bonding potential – Amerigo Cantoro, Cecilia Goracci, Federica Papacchini, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Marco Ferrari
3. Flexural Strength of Preheated Resin Composites and Bonding Properties to Glass-Ceramic and Dentin – Matthias Richard Kramer, Daniel Edelhoff and Bogna Stawarczyk
4. Thermal and bioactive optimization of a unidose 3-step etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive – Pascal Magne, DMD, PhD and Adriana Lemos Mori Ubaldini, DDS, MS
5. Effect of Pre-heating on Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Dentin –  A. Davari, A. Daneshkazemi, B. Behniafar, M, Sheshmani

Toxicity

1. Toxicology of Pre-Heated Composite Polymerized Directly and Through CAD/CAM Overlay – Alena Knezevic, Davor Zeljezic, Nevenka Kopjar, Sillas Duarte Jr, Matej Par, Zrinka Tarle
2. The effect of post-cure heating on residual, unreacted monomer in a commercial resin composite – Y.H. Bagisa , F.A. Rueggeberg

Existing Resources

1. Cementing Porcelain Restorations With a Warmed Composite Resin Containing a Rheological Modifier – T A Hess
2. Clinical Applications of Preheated Hybrid Resin Composite – L. J. Rickman, P. Padipatvuthikul and B. Chee
3. Clinical Benefits of Pre-Warmed Composites – George Freedman
4. Clinically Relevant Issues Related to Preheating Composites – Maria Daronch, Frederick Rueggeberg, Linda Moss, Mario Fernando de Goes
5. Composite Film Thickness – Frederick Rueggeberg
6. Composite Film Thickness at Various Temperatures – R.G. Holmes
7. Composite Pre-heating: Effects on marginal adaptation, degree of conversion and mechanical properties – Nívea Regina Fróes-Salgadoa, Luciana Maria Silvaa, Yoshio Kawanob, Carlos Franccia, Alessandra Reisc, Alessandro D. Loguercio
8. Creating Super Dentin: Using Flowable Composites as Luting Agents to Help Prevent Secondary Caries – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
9. Curing Composite Resin at Elevated Temperatures – Douglas A. Terry, DDS
10. Curing Efficiency of a Direct Composite at Different Temperatures – L. Littlejohn
11. Decrease in Density (increase in volume) with Increase in Temperature – J. Stansbury
12. Dental Economics, Pearls for your Practice – Joshua Austin, DDS, FAGD
13. Effect of intermediate agents and pre-heating of repairing resin on composite-repair bonds – Papacchini F., Magni E., Radovic I., Maxxitelli C., Monticellia F., Goracci C., Polimeni A., Ferrari M.
14. Effect of multiple preheating cycles on hardness of composite materials – A. Pokorny
15. Effect of pre-cure temperature on the bonding potential – Amerigo Cantoro, Cecilia Goracci, Federica Papacchini, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Marco Ferrari
16. Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites – Kareem Nada, Omar El-Mowafy
17. Effect of Pre-heated Composite on In-Vitro Intrapulpal Temperature Rise – M. Daronch
18. Effect of Preheating and Fatiguing on Mech Prop of Comp Resin – AA Abdulmajeed
19. The effect of composite resin preheating on marginal adaptation of class II restorations – Farideh Darabi, Reza Tayefeh-Davalloo, Seyedeh-Maryam Tavangar, Fereshteh Naser-Alavi, Mozhdeh Boorboo-Shirazi
20. Effect of Preheating and Precooling on the Flexural Strength and Modulus – F Sharafeddin
21. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures – Nilabh Choudhary, Sharad Kamat, TM Mangala, and Mohan Thomas
22. Effect of Pre-Heating Composite on Microleakage in Class II Restorations – J.B. Linger
23. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites – AJD Munoz
24. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness & Viscosity – Ayub Santos
25. Effect of Preheating on Microhardness and Viscosity of 4 Resin Composites – Karen V. Ayub, DDS, MSc; Gildo C. Santos, Jr., DDS, MSc, PhD; Amin S. Rizkalla, BSc, MEng, PhD; Richard Bohay, DMD, MSc; Luis Fernando Pegoraro, DDS, MSc, PhD; José H. Rubo, DDS, MSc, PhD; M. Jacinta M.C. Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD
26. Effect of Pre-Heating on Some Physical Properties of Composite Resin – Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
27. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscoelastic Properties of Dental Composite Under Different Deformation Conditions – Kyung Hyun Ahn, Sanghyuk Lim, Kee Yeon Kum and Seok Woo Chang
28. Effect of Pre-heating on the Viscosity and Microhardness of a Resin Composite – S. Lucey, C. D. Lynch, N. J. Ray, F. M. Burke & A. Hannigan
29. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Flowability – James Broome
30. Effects of Pre-heating Resin Composite on Restoration Microleakage – WC Wagner, MN Asku, AL Neme, JB Linger, FE Pink, S Walker
31. Effects of Preheating and Sonic Delivery Techniques on the Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill Resin Composites – G Demirel, AI Orhan, O Irmak, F Aydın, A Büyüksungur, B Bilecenoğlu,  K Orhan
32. Effect of Repeated and Extended Heating on Conversion of Composites – M. Daronch
33. Effect of Specimen Temperature on the Polymerization of a Resin-composite – Richard B. Price, J.M. Whalenb, Thomas B. Price  Christopher M. Felix, John Faheye
34. The Effect of Temperature on Composite Polymerization Stress and Degree of Conversion – Fernando C. Calheiros, Marcia Daronch, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Roberto R. Braga
35. The Effect of Temperature on Hardness of a Light-curing Composite – I. Krejci
36. Flexural Strength of Preheated Resin Composites and Bonding Properties to Glass-Ceramic and Dentin – Matthias Richard Kramer, Daniel Edelhoff and Bogna Stawarczyk
37. Heated Composite in Your Practice – T. Schmedding
38. Heating and preheating of dental restorative materials  – a systematic review – L. Lopes, R. Terada, F. Tsuzuki, M. Giannini and R. Hirata
39. Improving the Polymerization of Composite Resins – Mitch Conditt, Karl Leinfelder
40. Influence of Initiator System and Temperature on Real Time Double Bond Conversion – K. Vogel
41. Influence of pre-cure temperature on Vickers microhardness – Torres Caneppele
42. The Influence of Temperature on the Efficacy of Polymerization of Composite Resin – Wedad Y. Awiliya, BDS.MSC
43. Luting of Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays with Preheated Restorative Composite Resin Does Not Prevent Seating Accuracy – P. Magne, M. Razaghy, M. A. Carvalho and L. M. Soares
44. Monomer Conversion of Pre-heated Composite – M. Daronch
45. A New Technique for Placement of Posterior Composite – Richard Trushkowsky
46. Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-Heated Composite – M. Daronch, F. A. Rueggeberg, M. F. De Goes, R. Giudici
47. Polymerization Shrinkage of Composite Resins – A Langalia, A Buch, M Khamar, P Patel
48. Porcelain Laminate Veneer Insertion Using a Heated Composite Technique – Gregg A. Helvey, DDS
49. Pre-Heated Composite: Temperature Effect on Monomer Conversion and Contraction Stress – Marcia Daronch
50. Pre-heating mitigates composite degradation – Jessika Calixto da Silva, Rogério Vieira Reges, Inara Carneiro Costa Rege, Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz, Luís Geraldo Vaz, Carlos Estrela, Fabrício Luscino Alves de Castro
51. Pre-heated Resin Composite. Temperature Effects on Monomer Conversion and Kinetics – M. Daronch
52. Pre-heating of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites:Effects on shrinkage force and monomer conversion. Journal of Dentistry – Taubock Tobias T, Tarle Zrinka, Marovic Danijela, Attin Thomas
53. Prepare the pre-heated composite resin – Jong Hyun Park
54. Recipe for Success – Douglas L. Lambert, DDS
55. Temperature and Curing Time Affect Composite Sorption and Solubility – Fabricio Luscino Alves de Castro, Bruno Barbosa Campos, Kely Firmino Bruno, Rogerio Vieira Reges
56. Temperature Influence on the Depth of Cure of a Composite – P. Burtscher
57. The Next Generation in Composite Warming Technology – M. Geissberger
58. Thermal and Bioactive Optimization – Pascal and Adriana Lemos Mori Ubaldini
59. Thermal Effects on Composite Photopolymerization Monitored by Real-time NIR – M. Trujillo
60. Thermal Effects on Photopolymerization Stress Development – M. Trujillo-Lemon
61. Thermally Assisted Flow and Polymerization of Composite Resins – Joshua Friedman
62. Use of Near-IR to Monitor the Influence of External Heating on Dental Composite Photopolymerization – J. W. Stansbury
63. Viscosity & Stickiness of Dental Resin Composites at Elevated Temperatures – N. Loumprinis, E. Maier, R. Belli, A. Petschelt, G. Eliades and U. Lohbauer
64. Warming Up to Composites – George Freedman
65. The Effect of Preheating and Flowable Composite on the Marginal Integrity of Class II Composite Restorations – Yasmin A. Elkady, Ali I. Abdalla, and Mostafa M. Hasan
66. Preheating composite resins using composite warmers – Preshtha Mangla, BDS, DDS; Nathaniel Lawson, DMD, PhD

MICROLUX RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. An in vitro Comparison of the Ability of Fibre-Optic Transillumination, Visual Inspection and Radiographs to Detect Occlusal Caries and Evaluate Lesion Depth – D.F. Cortes
2. Compendium Feb 2014 Fiber Optic Transillumination Article
3. Dental Economics, Pearls for your Practice – Joshua Austin, DDS, FAGD
4. Identification of Resected Root-End Dentinal Cracks
5. Incomplete cusp fractures: Early diagnosis and communication with patients using fiber-optic transillumination and intraoral photography – Samer S. Alassaad, DDS
6. The Use of Fibre-Optic Transillumination in General Dental Practice – G.M. Davies
7. Transillumination of the oral cavity with use of fiber optics – Joshua Friedman, BEE, DDS, Morton I. Marcus, DDS
8. Using Fiber-Optic Transillumination as a Diagnostic Aid in Dental Practice – Dr. H Strassler & Dr M Pitel
9. Fiber Optic Transillumination Of Posterior Cases – Dr. Alessandro Devigus
10. Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study – Tim Hausdörfer, Lisa Harms, Philipp Kanzow and Michael Hülsmann
11. Microlux Presentation – Dr. Josh Friedman

MICROLUX DW RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. Davies, S. ‘Dental biofilm? We don’t see much of it in dentistry!’. – BDJ Team9, 30–31 (2022). 
2. Transillumination of the oral cavity with use of fiber optics – Joshua Friedman, BEE, DDS, Morton I. Marcus, DDS
3. Transillumination-The Differential in Your Diagnosis – Larry Clark
4. Fluorescence Applications in Dentistry – Laurence J. Walsh
5. Biofilm and Dental Biomaterials – Marit Oilo and Vidar Bakken
6. Near-UV light detection – Javier Tapia Guadix
7. Accuracy of the fluorescence-aided identification technique (FIT) for detecting tooth-colored restorations utilizing different fluorescence-inducing devices: an ex vivo comparative study – W. Leontiev, E. Magni, C. Dettwiler, C. Meller, R. Weiger & Thomas Connert 
8. Clean-up after orthodontic debonding using fluorescent light – Davide Elsido
9. Red and Green Fluorescence from Oral Biofilms – Catherine M. C. Volgenant, Michel A. Hoogenkamp, Bastiaan P. Krom, Marleen M. Janus, Jacob M. ten Cate, Johannes J. de Soet, Wim Crielaard, Monique H. van der Veen
10. Three Visual–Diagnostic Methods for the Detection of Enamel Cracks: An In Vitro Study – Tim Hausdörfer, Lisa Harms, Philipp Kanzow and Michael Hülsmann
11. Microlux Presentation – Dr. Josh Friedman

RITE-LITE PRO RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. Dental Photography: A New Perspective; Part II, Techniques – James R. Dunn DDS and Richard A Young DDS
2. Effects of a shade-matching light and background color on reliable shade selection – S Najafi, F Vahidi, M Janal
3. Increased Predictability in Tooth Shade-Matching – Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar, DDS
4. Influence of Light Source, Polarization, Education and Training on Shade Matching Quality – Jacqueline A. Clary, DMD, MSD, Joe C. Ontiveros, DDS, MS, Stanley G. Cron, MSPH, and Rade D. Paravina, DDS, MS, PhD
5. Light-Correcting Device for Increased Predictability Tooth Shade-Matching – Dr. George Freedman and Dr. Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar
6. Optimizing Your Shade-Matching Success – Mark L. Pitel, DMD
7. Outside the Box Cosmetics for Outside the Guide Results – J Fluke DDS
8. Performance Assessment of Hand Rite-Lite – Joe C. Ontiveros
9. Shade-Matching Challenge: A Single Central Incisor – Lorin Berland, DDS and Sami Yared, CDT
10. Metameric effect between natural teeth and the shade tabs of a shade guide – Nicoleta Corcodel, Stephan Helling, Peter Rammelsberg, Alexander J. Hassel

TRIMAX RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. Expediting Class II Posterior Composite Placement – Richard Truskowsky
2. PRIME CONTACTS — Predictable Reliable Interproximal Method to Obtain Proper Contacts – Daniel H. Ward DDS

WARMED ANESTHETIC RESEARCH REFERENCES

1. Comparison of Plain, Warmed, and Buffered Lidocaine for Anesthesia of Traumatic Wounds – G.X. Brogan Jr.
2. Comparison of Room Temperature and Body Temperature Local Anaesthetic Solutions – L. C. Bainbridge
3. Development of an Electronically Heated Painless Injection System – K. Konuma
4. Local Anaesthesia: to Warm or Alter the pH? A Survey of Current Practice – D. J. Courtney
5. Reducing the Pain of Local Anesthetic Infiltration: Warming and Buffering have a Synergistic Effect – Timothy J. Mader, Stephen J. Playe, Jane L. Garb
6. The Warming of Local Anesthetic Agents to Decrease Discomfort – L. H. Bloom
7. Warming Anesthetics Reduces Pain of Injections – Bill Hendrick
8. Warming Lignocaine Reduces the Pain of Injection During Peribulbar Local Anaesthesia for Cataract Surgery – R.W. Bell
9. Effect of warming local anesthesia solutions before intraoral administration in dentistry: a systematic review – Sunny Priyatham Tirupathi, Srinitya Rajasekhar